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Common Diseases of Older Dogs
Dogs get many of the same diseases as humans. It is important to recognize the clinical signs of some common diseases. With early detection and treatment we can extend the quality of life for most pets.
Periodontal Disease
Infection of the teeth and gums affects more than 40% of older dogs. Loose teeth, swollen gums and cavities hurt, and the bacteria present in tartar and calculus can enter the blood stream and cause infection of the kidneys and the heart. Cleaning teeth regularly can add 2 years to the life of your dog.
Obesity
Nearly 50% of all dogs are overweight and up to 20% are obese. Being overweight will increase your dog’s chance of developing arthritis, heart disease and much more. As your dog ages, it simply becomes more and more of a burden to carry around those extra pounds. Let us help you determine an appropriate diet and exercise plan to help your dog live longer and happier.
Hypothyroidism
This condition is caused by a pre-mature shutting down of the thyroid gland in many dogs that can only be diagnosed through blood tests. Hypothyroidism can cause or significantly contribute to other diseases such as skin disease, obesity, nerve conditions and behavioral disorders. Medications can keep this disease under control.
Cancer
Dogs get many of the same types of cancers as humans. Testing and frequent physical examinations may provide early detection that allows therapy to start before the cancer has taken hold or spread to other sites within the body. Many of today’s cancer treatments cause few side effects and greatly increase a dog’s life span. Be sure to point out any new lumps or bumps that you find.
Kidney Disease
Kidney function will deteriorate as a natural progression of aging. Infections, periodontal disease or other kidney diseases may hasten this deterioration causing early kidney failure. If it is detected early through blood and urine tests we can often prolong life expectancy and maintain a high quality of life. Treatment options will vary depending on the severity of the disease.
Heart Disease
Dogs develop several types of heart diseases. Valve deterioration and leakage or even weakening of the heart muscle can lead to life-threatening heart failure. Early signs may include coughing, exercise intolerance, increased breathing rate or effort and weight loss. Physical examination can reveal a murmur that may lead to the recommendation of further testing, such as chest X-rays, electrocardiograms (EKGs) or ultrasound of the heart. Several safe medications can slow the progression of heart disease and improve you dog’s quality of life.
Arthritis
This is a very common problem in the aging dog. Developmental diseases, such as hip dysplasia or osteochondrosis or early trauma (e.g. hit by a car) can lead to development of arthritis at any age. Clinical signs include reluctance or difficulty to climb stairs or get into the car, slowing down on walks, shorter play periods. Dogs will not often cry out in pain, but will instead limit their physical activity when in pain. Physical examination may reveal stiff joints, but occasionally radiographs (X-rays) are needed. Medications are available to keep joints healthy and to relieve the inflammation and pain of arthritis.
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